Heating apparatus



March 25, 1947.

A, DONALD ET AL HEATING APPARATUS Filed July 1, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet l L m P.

INVENTORS Finer-41591.0 DONH -D JncoasTEm RND JULJUg ATTORN EY March 1947, A. DONALD ETAL HEATING APPARATUS Filed July 1, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS Racmsmo Dounu: nun Juuus Jncoasrsm.

W1 ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 25, 1947 V S= ".Ii. i 1

OFFICE 2,418,015 HEATING APPARATUS Archibald Donald, Prospect Park, andJulius J acobstein, Crumn Lynne, P a."

Application July .1, 1944; Serial No'; 543,154

rhis invention relates to a method of, and apparatus for, heating; more particularly tobinary heaters; and has for an object to provide an improved method and novel apparatus of this character.

Another object of the invention is to provide, in a binary heating system, improved apparatus for heat exchange between the two fluids".

Yet another object of the invention is to provide an improved method of heating by use of a binary system.

A further object of the invention is to "provide a binary heating system in which a liquid having a specific heat materially less than that of water is first heated and then is passed in heat transfer relation to a fluid having a specific heat at least as great as that of water, to heat said fluid.

Another object of the invention is to provide water heating apparatus which will be free from precipitation of mineral matter.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved heating coil for use in heat transfer apparatus.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide heating apparatus having novel means for sepa-k rating solid particles from the stack gases prior to their leaving the stack. 1,

These and other objects are eifected' by the invention as will be apparent fromthe following description and claims taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this application, in which: v

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of heating Claims. (c1. 122?s2) apparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view, taken along the line II--II of Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows; and

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary, vertical, sectional view; taken along the line III-III of Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows.

Referring now to the drawings more in detail, and particularly to Fig. 1 thereof, the numeral I 9 indicates, in its entirety, a binary heater comprising an inner casing II, preferably of cylindrical form, having upper and lower horizontal end walls I2 and I3, respectively. A horizontal partition I t separates the interior of the casing I I into an upper chamber I6 for a liquid to be heated, and a lower chamber I! for a heat transfer fluid.

In the construction herein illustrated,.which is particularly designed for home heating by circulation of a hot fluid, for example, water, therefrom to radiators disposed at suitable locations throughout the building, -the-upper chamber I6 is provided with a pair of outlet or riser connections l8 in the upper wall I2, and a pair of supply or return connections I9 in the side wall II, near the bottom of the chamber I6. Water heated in the upper chamber, in a manner to be hereinafter described, will flow from the chamber through the outlet connections I8 and through conduits (notshown) to radiators, and then return by other conduits (not shown) to the chamher through the return connections I9, in a manner well known in the art.

A heating coil 2| is positioned in the upper chamber I6, with'its inlet end 22 opening downwardly through the partition I4 into the lower,

chamber I I, and with its outlet end 23 likewise extending through the partition I4, but terminating in a reversely curved portion 24, opening upwardly to the interior of the lower chamber. If desired, the inlet and outlet portions 22 and 23, respectively, of the coil may be permanently secured to the partition I4 where they pass through the latter, by suitable means, such as the Weld deposits 26.

The coil 2| is designed for maximum thermal circulation of fluid therethrough, and to this end comprises (considered in the direction of fluid flow therethrough) a first convoluted section 21, asecond straight section 28 continuous with and extending-beyond the first section, a third conyoluted; section 29 continuous with and disposed beside the second section, and a fourth straight s'ecti'on3l continuous with the third section and eii'tendin'g therebeyond and beside the first section.

'In order that the lower chamber I1 and the associated coil 2I may be filled with a suitable heat transfer fluid, preferably a liquid having a specific heat materially less than that of water, for example, a mixture ofdiphenyl and diphenyloxide, suc h as is marketed under the trade name Dowtherm, the coil is provided, at its highest point, with a branch conduit 32 extending through thetop wall I2 of the upper chamber and terminating, externally of the apparatus, in a flared mouth 33 to facilitate filling. A shut-off valve 34 isprovided below the mouth 33, and below the valve 34 is a safety or relief valve 36 having anove'rflow connection 36a with a suitable reservoir (not shown).

A vent pipe 31 and control valve 38 therefor are provided adjacent the uppermost portion of the lower chamber I I, whereby air trapped therein may be removed when the coil and chamber are being filled with the heat transfer fluid.

1 Heatmay be applied to the bottom wall I3 of form, it. will be obvious to' ithose sauna;

the lower chamber I! by the use of any desired fuel, for example, coal, gas, oil or electricity. In the construction herein illustrated, a gas burner 4| directs a flame against the bottom wall l3, and is of such construction that the air necessary for combustion is also supplied to the burner 4| through the body 42 of the latter.

The burner 4| and inner casing H are both completely enclosed by-an insuiatedsouter casing 43 comprising spaced inner *"and outer walls 44 and 46, respectively, with insulating material 4'! filling the space therebetween. The insulated outer casing 43 is spaced from the innercasing II to provide a flow path 48 for waste gases from the burner 4 l by the inwardly-extending radial flangefi49 'and associated removable closure iii, preventing escape of gases about the burner. "The space 48.

is closed at the top by the insulated end wall- :52, except for the restricted outlet 53 to the stack 54.

-It should be noted "that the outlet' 53 .is of much smaller cross-sectional area than the waste gasspace 48, andthan thestackid. -As a result, the velocity of waste gases greatly increases as they pass through the outlet, with consequent drop in pressure. The sudden change in pressure and'velocity as the gases leave the outlet and enter the stack connection 56, causes separation of the solid particles from thegas stream,said particles collecting on the upper surface "of the end wall 52, within-the stackconnection 56, from whence they may be removed periodically. Furthermore, the reduced size of the outlet-tends. to I prevent too rapid a withdrawal of the waste gases from the space 48, therebyproviding for.

optimum rate of flow'of the gases past thesurface of the inner casing H for. maximum heat transfer thereto.

In order to bring the wastegases-into contact I with the maximumarea ofinnercasing surface,

a plurality of bafile rings 51,- 58 and 59 are positioned in the flow path 48, each ringacompletely closing the path around the casing except for limited openings 6!,62 and 63in the rings 51, '58

and 59, respectively. The rings are so arranged Preferably, the apparatusis so designed that the upper chamber-I16 iwill have a capacity-crapproxirnately four times that of "the lower chamber if and the coil 21 combined. For example, in apparatus for heating a six-room dwelling, and using gasas the fuel, if water'anda-mixtureof diphenyl and diphenylox-ide-are"useddn the-upper and lower chambers, respectively,'1the upper chamber should hold about "12 gallons f the water, and the lower chamber and coil should hold about 3 gallons of the mixture.

It will be obvious that in the: construction herein illustrated, the concentrated heat from the burner is appliedto the heat transfer imedium the lower chamber, and not to the water-which might contain minerals which would beprecipitated in conventional typesof heaters-where .the water is directly heated. Thus the li-fe-ofthe apparatus is materially increased. 7

While the inventionhas -been showngin'but 30118 "tl'i'e This space is'iclosed at the bdttom 'art that it is not so limited, but is susceptible of various modifications and changes, as well as other applications, without departing from the spirit thereof, and it is desired, therefore, that only such limitations shall be placed thereupon as are imposed by the prior art or as are specifically set forth in the appended claims.

What is claimed is: 1;?Irrapparatus for heating'w'at'er, a verticallydisposed tank; partition structure dividing the interior of the tank into an upper chamber for Water to be heated and a lower chamber for a --heat transfer liquid; a tubular heat exchanger disposed in the upper chamber and having an iniltwandanoutlet both communicating with the lower chamber, whereby heat transfer liquid in the lower chamber may flow into and through "the tubular heat exchanger in a closed circuit;

a burner positioned beneath the tank for application of heat to the bottom wall of the lower .chamber for heating the heat transfer liquid therein; a-casing surrounding the tank at the sides and top and spaced slightly therefrom to :lprovide 1a flow path for hot gases against the outer surface of the tank; and a stack connection-extending upwardly from the casing top wall, said top wall having an opening therethrough of materially lesser cross-sectional area than the stack connection and providing a restricted outlet from the-hot gas flow path to said stack connection.

2. In a water heating unit, a tank; a horizontalpartition separating thevinterior thereof into aniupper chamber for water to be heated and a .lowerchamber for a heat-transmitting liquid; a coiled tube extending upwardly from the partition into the upper chamber and having its terminal portions in communication with the lowerchambenwhereby heat-transmitting liquid in the lower chamber-may circulate through the coiled tube andreturn to the lower chamber in a closed circuit,-said coiled tube comprising a first convoluted section followed by a second straight section both of which extend generally upwardly,-a third convoluted section and a fourth straight section, said third and four sections ex- 'a heat transfer liquid; a tubularheat-exchanger disposed-in the upper chamber andhaving an walls of saidscasing being spacedapart; insulating -material in the space between said double 'wa11s;'"and. stack connection-extending upwardly jfromlth e casing top wall said casingtop wall havingwan openingitherethrough o'fmaterially smaller croissas'ec'tional area than the stack connection landjrthan thejhotgas flow path, thereby-providing a restricted outlet from the latter to the former.

4. In a water heating unit, a tank; a horizontal partition separating the interior thereof into an upper chamber for water to be heated and a lower chamber for a heat-transmitting liquid; a coiled tube extending upwardly from the partition into the upper chamber and having its terminal portions in communication with the lower chamber, whereby heat-transmitting liquid in the lower chamber may circulate through the coiled tube and return to the lower chamber in a closed circuit, said coiled tube comprising two sections, each section consisting of a convoluted portion and a straight portion, the two convoluted portions being longitudinally aligned, and the straight portion of each section being laterally aligned with the convoluted portion of the other section.

5. In a water heating unit, a tank; a horizontal partition separating the interior thereof into an upper chamber for water to be heated and a lower chamber for a heat-transmitting liquid; a coiled tube extending upwardly from the partition into the upper chamber and having its terminal portions in communication with the lower chamber, whereby heat-transmitting liquid in the lower chamber may circulate through the coiled tube and return to the lower chamber in a closed circuit, said coiled tube comprising a pair of convoluted sections longitudinally aligned about a common axis with the lower end of the lower convoluted section communicating with one terminal of the coiled tube, a straight section providing communication between the upper ends of the two convoluted sections, and another straight section providing communication between the lower end of the upper convoluted section and the other terminal of the coiled tube.

ARCHIBALD DONALD.

JULIUS JACOESTEIN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,024,508 Carroll Dec. 17, 1935 569,637 Gold Oct. 20, 1896 2,007,426 Harris July 9, 1935 1,944,894 Kennedy Jan. 30, 1934 2,014,135 Kamenetzky Sept. 10, 1935 1,862,065 Rowe June 7, 1932 2,151,108 Hultgren Mar. 21, 1939 762,541 Long June 14, 1904 1,937,335 Foley Nov. 28, 1933 2,162,337 Kriechbaum June 13, 1939 2,242,588 McGrath May 20, 1941 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 559,201 German Sept. 17, 1932 

